About and methods

Every calculator on this site uses published formulas and guideline cut-offs. Nothing is adjusted by us.

• Life expectancy: SSA 2022 period life table.
• Biological age: Levine PhenoAge.
• Lung age: Morris and Temple; predicted values ECSC 1993.
• Falls: CDC STEADI and Morse Fall Scale.
• Gait speed: Bohannon 2011 norms; Studenski cut-offs.
• Barthel Index, FRAIL scale, frailty index and mFI-5.
• Dementia: CAIDE risk score; MMSE bands.

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Sources

• US Social Security Administration. Actuarial life table, 2022 period life table (2025 Trustees Report).
• Levine ME et al. An epigenetic biomarker of aging for lifespan and healthspan. Aging 2018;10:573–591; Liu Z et al. PLoS Med 2018;15:e1002718 (and correction).
• Morris JF, Temple W. Spirometric "lung age" estimation for motivating smoking cessation. Prev Med 1985;14:655–662. Quanjer PH et al. ECSC lung volumes and forced ventilatory flows. Eur Respir J 1993;6 Suppl 16:5–40.
• CDC. STEADI: Stay Independent brochure. Morse JM et al. A prospective study to identify the fall-prone patient. Soc Sci Med 1989;28:81–86.
• Bohannon RW, Andrews AW. Normal walking speed: a descriptive meta-analysis. Physiotherapy 2011;97:182–189. Studenski S et al. Gait speed and survival in older adults. JAMA 2011;305:50–58.
• Mahoney FI, Barthel DW. Functional evaluation: the Barthel Index. Md State Med J 1965;14:61–65. Shah S et al. J Clin Epidemiol 1989;42:703–709.
• Morley JE et al. A simple frailty questionnaire (FRAIL). J Nutr Health Aging 2012;16:601–608. Searle SD et al. A standard procedure for creating a frailty index. BMC Geriatr 2008;8:24.
• Kivipelto M et al. Risk score for the prediction of dementia risk in 20 years among middle aged people. Lancet Neurol 2006;5:735–741. Tombaugh TN, McIntyre NJ. J Am Geriatr Soc 1992;40:922–935.